Standards   (Service life in contact with the ground under Malaysian conditions)
Very durable - More than 10 years
Durable Moderately - 2 to 5 years
Durable - 2 to 5 years
Not Durable - o to 2 years

Botanical names	No.	Vernacular names	General Description	Average Density at 15% moisture content	Durability	Uses
Dialium SPP.	1	Keranji	Golden brown or red brown darkening on exposure. Texture moderately fine and deeply interlocked. Ribbon figure on quater faces.	960 kg/m?br>(60 lb/ft.?	Moderately durable	Tool handles, carpenters planes, industrial flooring and panelling.
Eusioderoxylon Zwageri	2	Belian	Light brown to bright yellow when freshly cut. Darkens on exposure to deep red brown. Texture fine and grain straight.	1040 kg/m?br>(65 lb/ft.?	Very durable	Marine piling, wharf construction, fencing posts, house posts heavy construction work, shingles and vehicle body.
Intsia SPP.	3	Merbau	Yellowish to orange brown, turning brown on exposure.	850 kg/m?br>(53 lb/ft.?	Very durable	Flooring, panelling, furniture making, high grade joinery, and turnery.
Shorea Guiso	4	Selangan Batu Merah (Red Balau)	Light to deep red brown. Texture fine and grain interlocked. It has an attractive figure.	850 kg/m?br>(53 lb/ft.?	Moderately durable	Flooring, joinery, vehicle body, boat framing and vat making.
Shorea SPP.	5	Selangan Batu (Balau)	Brown usually with a distinct element of yellow when freshly cut. Some species with a reddish tinge and mostly darkening to a deep brown on exposure.	1060 kg/m?br>(66 lb/ft.?	Very durable	Bridges, railway sleepers, power line poles, flooring, wharf construction, floor joists, beams, etc.
Vatica SPP.	6	Resak	Pale yellow or white when fresh, turn to fawn or deep red brown on exposure.	960 kg/m?br>(60 lb/ft.?	Durable	Heavy structural work, power lines poles, keels, ribs of boats, sleepers, flooring, turnery etc.

Botanical names	No.	Vernacular names	General Description	Average Density at 15% moisture content	Durability	Uses
Dipterocarpus SPP.	7	Keruing	Generally red brown but varying from almost a deep pink though orange pink to purple-red.	655 kg/m?br>(41 lb/ft.?	non-durable	A general purpose constructional timber where it can be protected from dampness, unless impregnated.
Dryobalanops SPP.	8	Kapur	Varies in colour from light reddish brown to more typically dark reddish brown.	735 kg/m?br>(46 lb/ft.?	Durable	Wharf decking, flooring, interior fitting, railway carriage forming vehicle planking, roof shingle, etc.
Gluta SPP. and Melanorrhoea	9	Rengas	Deep blood-red darkening with age and ornamentally figured with darker or yellowish bands and streaks.	720 kg/m?br>(45 lb/ft.?	Moderately durable	Excellent for furniture, turnery and keeps its shape well.
Heritiera SPP.	10	Mengkulang (Kembang)	Various shades of red brown to brown sometimes quite red or dark red brown.	750 kg/m?br>(47 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Plywood, flooring, furniture, boat planking etc.
Hopea SPP.	11	Gagil (Merawan)	Generally yellow when freshly cut, darkens to dark red brown or medium red brown.	720 kg/m?br>(45 lb/ft.?	Moderately durable	Flooring and joinery work, door framing and window and for medium heavy constructional work.
Koompassia Excelsa	12	Tualang (Mengaris)	Reddish brown to deep brick-red when freshly cut, darkening to deep chocolate brown with age.	830 kg/m?br>(52 lb/ft.?	Moderately durable	Railway sleepers (when treated), beams joists, parquet flooring, panelling and furniture use.
Koodersiodendron Pinnatum.	13	Ranggu	Red brown and darkening slightly on exposure.	885 kg/m?br>(55 lb/ft.?	Moderately durable	Flooring, house construction, cabinet making, door panels, and general joinery.

Botanical names	No.	Vernacular names	General Description	Average Density at 15% moisture content	Durability	Uses
Alstonia SPP.	14	Pulai	Cream to yellowish white.	450 kg/m?br>(28 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Wooden shoes, boxes, joinery, pattern making, low quality plywood and matches.
Anthocephalus Chinensis	15	Laran	White with light yellow tinge becoming creamy yellow on exposure.	415 kg/m?br>(26 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Toy making, wooden shoes, pulp and matches.
All species of Burseraceae principally Canarium, Dacryodes, Santiria, and Triomma spp.	16	Kedondong	Usually pink or light brown sometimes with yellow streaks.	Variable 480-720 kg/m?br>(30-45 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Veneer and plywood, box making, light construction undercover etc.
Dyera SPP.	17	Jelutong	Creamy white to pale straw coloured.	465 kg/m?br>(29 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Pattern making, lining and interior fittings.
Species of Sapotaceae such as Ganua, Madhuca, Palaquium spp.	18	Nyatoh	Deep pink, red brown or purple brown.	Variable 610-720 kg/m?br>(38-45 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	A general utility timber suitable for all forms of internal construction.
Gonystylus SPP.	19	Ramin	White to pale straw coloured timber.	575 kg/m?br>(36 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Moulding, broom handle, interior fitting and panelling.
Mangifera SPP.	20	Asam	Light pinkish brown to light brown, sometimes with a silvery grey tinge. Black streaks sometimes occur and may be several centimetre wide.	Variable 560-640 kg/m?br>(35-40 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Suitable for making plywood and for general joinery undercover. Figured Asam makes attractive furniture.
Octomeles Sumatrana	21	Binuang	A dull light yellow to pale brown.	400 kg/m?br>(25 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Suitable for backs and cores of plywood packing cases, concrete shuttering, low quality joinery and matches boxes.
Parashorea SPP.	22	White Seraya	Pinkish or cream coloured when freshly cut, turning straw coloured or light brown.	515 kg/m?br>(32 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Suitable for general interior joinery, plywood manufacture, flooring, ship deck, etc.
Pentace SPP.	23	Melunak (Takalis)	Brown with red or tinge sometimes a deep red brown.	Variable 320-960 kg/m?br>(25-48 lb/ft.?	Durable	Suitable for furniture, flooring panelling, shop fitting and all kinds of interior fitting.
Miscellaneous species of Lauraceae such as Alseodaphme, Cinnamomum, Litsea spp.	24	Medang	Generally yellow to olive green, sometimes light red brown.	Variable 395-770 kg/m?br>(25-48 lb/ft.?	No info. available	Fencing, bridges, house posts, and suitable for joinery work.
Miscellaneous species of Anonaceae such as Alphonsea, Mezzetia, Polyalthia spp. etc.	25	Karai	Yellow brown sometimes with green or pink tinge.	400-800 kg/m?br>(25-50 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Suitable for interior joinery wood, packign cases and furniture.
Shorea SPP. (Section - Richetia)	26	Yellow Seraya	Pale yellow to yellow brown, sometimes with a slight green tinge.	495 kg/m?br>(31 lb/ft.?	Durable undercover	Suitable for interior joinery, domestic and light flooring, furniture, interior fitting and plywood manufacture.
Shorea SPP. (Section - Anthoshorea)	27	Melapi	White when freshly cut, becoming light yellow on exposure.	480-640 kg/m?br>(30-40 lb/ft.?	Durable undercover	Suitable for general building construction, flooring and for the manufacture of plywood.
Shorea SPP.	28	Red Seraya, Light Red Meranti	Pale brown pink and red to a dark or deep brown.	560 kg/m?br>(35 lb/ft.?	Durable undercover	Suitable for every part of house construction, furniture cabinets, panelling and plywood manufacture.
Shorea SPP. (Shorea pauciflora and other Shorea species yielding a dark red timber).	29	Obar Suluk, Dark Red Meranti	Dark brown, medium red to deep red, sometimes with a purple tinge.	690 kg/m?br>(43 lb/ft.?	Durable undercover	Suitable for boat building, shop fitting, furniture making, flooring, internal joinery and plywood.
Sindora SPP.	30	Sepetir	Brown with a pink or golden tinge darkening on exposure. Generally in various shades of brown, usually with dark coloured or dark layers which appear as dark streaks on the longitudinal surface.	640-720 kg/m?br>(40-45 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	The heartwood is suitable for general joinery and for high grade cabinet work.

Botanical names	No.	Vernacular names	General Description	Average Density at 15% moisture content	Durability	Uses
Agathis SPP.	31	Damar, Minyak, Mengilan	Light yellow or streaks coloured with pink tinge weathering to a golden brown.	530 kg/m?br>(33 lb/ft.?	Non-durable	Joinery, foundry pattern making, drawing boards, rulers and pencil manufacture.