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Contents  

Summary of Species 
2004/10/18

 
Heavy Hardwoods | Medium Hardwoods | Light Hardwoods | Softwoods
 
 

Standards   (Service life in contact with the ground under Malaysian conditions)
Very durable - More than 10 years
Durable Moderately - 2 to 5 years
Durable - 2 to 5 years
Not Durable - o to 2 years

Heavy hardwoods

Botanical names No. Vernacular
names
General Description Average Density at
15% moisture content
Durability Uses
Dialium SPP. 1 Keranji Golden brown or red brown darkening on exposure. Texture moderately fine and deeply interlocked. Ribbon figure on quater faces. 960 kg/m?br>(60 lb/ft.? Moderately durable Tool handles, carpenters planes, industrial flooring and panelling.
Eusioderoxylon
Zwageri
2 Belian Light brown to bright yellow when freshly cut. Darkens on exposure to deep red brown. Texture fine and grain straight. 1040 kg/m?br>(65 lb/ft.? Very durable Marine piling, wharf construction, fencing posts, house posts heavy construction work, shingles and vehicle body.
Intsia SPP. 3 Merbau Yellowish to orange brown, turning brown on exposure. 850 kg/m?br>(53 lb/ft.? Very durable Flooring, panelling, furniture making, high grade joinery, and turnery.
Shorea Guiso 4 Selangan Batu Merah (Red Balau) Light to deep red brown. Texture fine and grain interlocked. It has an attractive figure. 850 kg/m?br>(53 lb/ft.? Moderately durable Flooring, joinery, vehicle body, boat framing and vat making.
Shorea SPP. 5 Selangan Batu (Balau) Brown usually with a distinct element of yellow when freshly cut. Some species with a reddish tinge and mostly darkening to a deep brown on exposure. 1060 kg/m?br>(66 lb/ft.? Very durable Bridges, railway sleepers, power line poles, flooring, wharf construction, floor joists, beams, etc.
Vatica SPP. 6 Resak Pale yellow or white when fresh, turn to fawn or deep red brown on exposure. 960 kg/m?br>(60 lb/ft.? Durable Heavy structural work, power lines poles, keels, ribs of boats, sleepers, flooring, turnery etc.

 

Medium Hardwoods
Botanical names No. Vernacular
names
General Description Average Density at
15% moisture content
Durability Uses
Dipterocarpus SPP. 7 Keruing Generally red brown but varying from almost a deep pink though orange pink to purple-red. 655 kg/m?br>(41 lb/ft.? non-durable A general purpose constructional timber where it can be protected from dampness, unless impregnated.
Dryobalanops SPP. 8 Kapur Varies in colour from light reddish brown to more typically dark reddish brown. 735 kg/m?br>(46 lb/ft.? Durable Wharf decking, flooring, interior fitting, railway carriage forming vehicle planking, roof shingle, etc.
Gluta SPP. and Melanorrhoea 9 Rengas Deep blood-red darkening with age and ornamentally figured with darker or yellowish bands and streaks. 720 kg/m?br>(45 lb/ft.? Moderately durable Excellent for furniture, turnery and keeps its shape well.
Heritiera SPP. 10 Mengkulang (Kembang) Various shades of red brown to brown sometimes quite red or dark red brown. 750 kg/m?br>(47 lb/ft.? Non-durable Plywood, flooring, furniture, boat planking etc.
Hopea SPP. 11 Gagil (Merawan) Generally yellow when freshly cut, darkens to dark red brown or medium red brown. 720 kg/m?br>(45 lb/ft.? Moderately durable Flooring and joinery work, door framing and window and for medium heavy constructional work.
Koompassia Excelsa 12 Tualang (Mengaris) Reddish brown to deep brick-red when freshly cut, darkening to deep chocolate brown with age. 830 kg/m?br>(52 lb/ft.? Moderately durable Railway sleepers (when treated), beams joists, parquet flooring, panelling and furniture use.
Koodersiodendron Pinnatum. 13 Ranggu Red brown and darkening slightly on exposure. 885 kg/m?br>(55 lb/ft.? Moderately durable Flooring, house construction, cabinet making, door panels, and general joinery.

 

Light Hardwoods
Botanical names No. Vernacular
names
General Description Average Density at
15% moisture content
Durability Uses
Alstonia SPP. 14 Pulai Cream to yellowish white. 450 kg/m?br>(28 lb/ft.? Non-durable Wooden shoes, boxes, joinery, pattern making, low quality plywood and matches.
Anthocephalus Chinensis 15 Laran White with light yellow tinge becoming creamy yellow on exposure. 415 kg/m?br>(26 lb/ft.? Non-durable Toy making, wooden shoes, pulp and matches.
All species of Burseraceae principally Canarium, Dacryodes, Santiria, and Triomma spp. 16 Kedondong Usually pink or light brown sometimes with yellow streaks. Variable
480-720 kg/m?br>(30-45 lb/ft.?
Non-durable Veneer and plywood, box making, light construction undercover etc.
Dyera SPP. 17 Jelutong Creamy white to pale straw coloured. 465 kg/m?br>(29 lb/ft.? Non-durable Pattern making, lining and interior fittings.
Species of Sapotaceae such as Ganua, Madhuca, Palaquium spp. 18 Nyatoh Deep pink, red brown or purple brown. Variable
610-720 kg/m?br>(38-45 lb/ft.?
Non-durable A general utility timber suitable for all forms of internal construction.
Gonystylus SPP. 19 Ramin White to pale straw coloured timber. 575 kg/m?br>(36 lb/ft.? Non-durable Moulding, broom handle, interior fitting and panelling.
Mangifera SPP. 20 Asam Light pinkish brown to light brown, sometimes with a silvery grey tinge. Black streaks sometimes occur and may be several centimetre wide. Variable
560-640 kg/m?br>(35-40 lb/ft.?
Non-durable Suitable for making plywood and for general joinery undercover. Figured Asam makes attractive furniture.
Octomeles Sumatrana 21 Binuang A dull light yellow to pale brown. 400 kg/m?br>(25 lb/ft.? Non-durable Suitable for backs and cores of plywood packing cases, concrete shuttering, low quality joinery and matches boxes.
Parashorea SPP. 22 White Seraya Pinkish or cream coloured when freshly cut, turning straw coloured or light brown. 515 kg/m?br>(32 lb/ft.? Non-durable Suitable for general interior joinery, plywood manufacture, flooring, ship deck, etc.
Pentace SPP. 23 Melunak (Takalis) Brown with red or tinge sometimes a deep red brown. Variable
320-960 kg/m?br>(25-48 lb/ft.?
Durable Suitable for furniture, flooring panelling, shop fitting and all kinds of interior fitting.
Miscellaneous species of Lauraceae such as Alseodaphme, Cinnamomum, Litsea spp. 24 Medang Generally yellow to olive green, sometimes light red brown. Variable
395-770 kg/m?br>(25-48 lb/ft.?
No info. available Fencing, bridges, house posts, and suitable for joinery work.
Miscellaneous species of Anonaceae such as Alphonsea, Mezzetia, Polyalthia spp. etc. 25 Karai Yellow brown sometimes with green or pink tinge. 400-800 kg/m?br>(25-50 lb/ft.? Non-durable Suitable for interior joinery wood, packign cases and furniture.
Shorea SPP. (Section - Richetia) 26 Yellow Seraya Pale yellow to yellow brown, sometimes with a slight green tinge. 495 kg/m?br>(31 lb/ft.? Durable undercover Suitable for interior joinery, domestic and light flooring, furniture, interior fitting and plywood manufacture.
Shorea SPP. (Section - Anthoshorea) 27 Melapi White when freshly cut, becoming light yellow on exposure. 480-640 kg/m?br>(30-40 lb/ft.? Durable undercover Suitable for general building construction, flooring and for the manufacture of plywood.
Shorea SPP. 28 Red Seraya, Light Red Meranti Pale brown pink and red to a dark or deep brown. 560 kg/m?br>(35 lb/ft.? Durable undercover Suitable for every part of house construction, furniture cabinets, panelling and plywood manufacture.
Shorea SPP. (Shorea pauciflora and other Shorea species yielding a dark red timber). 29 Obar Suluk, Dark Red Meranti Dark brown, medium red to deep red, sometimes with a purple tinge. 690 kg/m?br>(43 lb/ft.? Durable undercover Suitable for boat building, shop fitting, furniture making, flooring, internal joinery and plywood.
Sindora SPP. 30 Sepetir Brown with a pink or golden tinge darkening on exposure. Generally in various shades of brown, usually with dark coloured or dark layers which appear as dark streaks on the longitudinal surface. 640-720 kg/m?br>(40-45 lb/ft.? Non-durable The heartwood is suitable for general joinery and for high grade cabinet work.

 

Softwoods
Botanical names No. Vernacular
names
General Description Average Density at
15% moisture content
Durability Uses
Agathis SPP. 31 Damar, Minyak, Mengilan Light yellow or streaks coloured with pink tinge weathering to a golden brown. 530 kg/m?br>(33 lb/ft.? Non-durable Joinery, foundry pattern making, drawing boards, rulers and pencil manufacture.

 

Source:  
 
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